zint/backend/qr.c

/* qr.c Handles QR Code */

/*
    libzint - the open source barcode library
    Copyright (C) 2009 -2016Robin Stuart <rstuart114@gmail.com>

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    are met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
       may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
       without specific prior written permission.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
    FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
    OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
    OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
    SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <string.h>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <malloc.h>
#endif
#include "common.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include "sjis.h"
#include "qr.h"
#include "reedsol.h"
#include <stdlib.h>     /* abs */

/* Returns true if input glyph is in the Alphanumeric set */
int in_alpha(int glyph) {
    int retval = 0;
    char cglyph = (char) glyph;

    if ((cglyph >= '0') && (cglyph <= '9')) {
        retval = 1;
    }
    if ((cglyph >= 'A') && (cglyph <= 'Z')) {
        retval = 1;
    }
    switch (cglyph) {
        case ' ':
        case '$':
        case '%':
        case '*':
        case '+':
        case '-':
        case '.':
        case '/':
        case ':':
            retval = 1;
            break;
    }

    return retval;
}

void define_mode(char mode[], int jisdata[], int length, int gs1) {
    /* Values placed into mode[] are: K = Kanji, B = Binary, A = Alphanumeric, N = Numeric */
    int i, mlen, j;

    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (jisdata[i] > 0xff) {
            mode[i] = 'K';
        } else {
            mode[i] = 'B';
            if (in_alpha(jisdata[i])) {
                mode[i] = 'A';
            }
            if (gs1 && (jisdata[i] == '[')) {
                mode[i] = 'A';
            }
            if ((jisdata[i] >= '0') && (jisdata[i] <= '9')) {
                mode[i] = 'N';
            }
        }
    }

    /* If less than 6 numeric digits together then don't use numeric mode */
    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (mode[i] == 'N') {
            if (((i != 0) && (mode[i - 1] != 'N')) || (i == 0)) {
                mlen = 0;
                while (((mlen + i) < length) && (mode[mlen + i] == 'N')) {
                    mlen++;
                };
                if (mlen < 6) {
                    for (j = 0; j < mlen; j++) {
                        mode[i + j] = 'A';
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* If less than 4 alphanumeric characters together then don't use alphanumeric mode */
    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (mode[i] == 'A') {
            if (((i != 0) && (mode[i - 1] != 'A')) || (i == 0)) {
                mlen = 0;
                while (((mlen + i) < length) && (mode[mlen + i] == 'A')) {
                    mlen++;
                };
                if (mlen < 6) {
                    for (j = 0; j < mlen; j++) {
                        mode[i + j] = 'B';
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/* Make an estimate (worst case scenario) of how long the binary string will be */
int estimate_binary_length(char mode[], int length, int gs1) {
    int i, count = 0;
    char current = 0;
    int a_count = 0;
    int n_count = 0;

    if (gs1) {
        count += 4;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (mode[i] != current) {
            switch (mode[i]) {
                case 'K': count += 12 + 4;
                    current = 'K';
                    break;
                case 'B': count += 16 + 4;
                    current = 'B';
                    break;
                case 'A': count += 13 + 4;
                    current = 'A';
                    a_count = 0;
                    break;
                case 'N': count += 14 + 4;
                    current = 'N';
                    n_count = 0;
                    break;
            }
        }

        switch (mode[i]) {
            case 'K': count += 13;
                break;
            case 'B': count += 8;
                break;
            case 'A':
                a_count++;
                if ((a_count & 1) == 0) {
                    count += 5; // 11 in total
                    a_count = 0;
                } else
                    count += 6;
                break;
            case 'N':
                n_count++;
                if ((n_count % 3) == 0) {
                    count += 3; // 10 in total
                    n_count = 0;
                } else if ((n_count & 1) == 0)
                    count += 3; // 7 in total
                else
                    count += 4;
                break;
        }
    }

    return count;
}

static void qr_bscan(char *binary, int data, int h) {
    for (; h; h >>= 1) {
        concat(binary, data & h ? "1" : "0");
    }
}

/* Convert input data to a binary stream and add padding */
void qr_binary(int datastream[], int version, int target_binlen, char mode[], int jisdata[], int length, int gs1, int est_binlen) {
    int position = 0, debug = 0;
    int short_data_block_length, i, scheme = 1;
    char data_block, padbits;
    int current_binlen, current_bytes;
    int toggle, percent;

#ifndef _MSC_VER
    char binary[est_binlen + 12];
#else
    char* binary = (char *) _alloca(est_binlen + 12);
#endif
    strcpy(binary, "");

    if (gs1) {
        concat(binary, "0101"); /* FNC1 */
    }

    if (version <= 9) {
        scheme = 1;
    } else if ((version >= 10) && (version <= 26)) {
        scheme = 2;
    } else if (version >= 27) {
        scheme = 3;
    }

    if (debug) {
        for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            printf("%c", mode[i]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    percent = 0;

    do {
        data_block = mode[position];
        short_data_block_length = 0;
        do {
            short_data_block_length++;
        } while (((short_data_block_length + position) < length) 
                && (mode[position + short_data_block_length] == data_block));

        switch (data_block) {
            case 'K':
                /* Kanji mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "1000");

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(binary, short_data_block_length, 0x20 << (scheme * 2)); /* scheme = 1..3 */

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Kanji block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                for (i = 0; i < short_data_block_length; i++) {
                    int jis = jisdata[position + i];
                    int msb, lsb, prod;

                    if (jis > 0x9fff) {
                        jis -= 0xc140;
                    }
                    msb = (jis & 0xff00) >> 4;
                    lsb = (jis & 0xff);
                    prod = (msb * 0xc0) + lsb;

                    qr_bscan(binary, prod, 0x1000);

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X ", prod);
                    }
                }

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
            case 'B':
                /* Byte mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "0100");

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(binary, short_data_block_length, scheme > 1 ? 0x8000 : 0x80); /* scheme = 1..3 */

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Byte block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                for (i = 0; i < short_data_block_length; i++) {
                    int byte = jisdata[position + i];

                    if (gs1 && (byte == '[')) {
                        byte = 0x1d; /* FNC1 */
                    }

                    qr_bscan(binary, byte, 0x80);

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%2X(%d) ", byte, byte);
                    }
                }

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
            case 'A':
                /* Alphanumeric mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "0010");

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(binary, short_data_block_length, 0x40 << (2 * scheme)); /* scheme = 1..3 */

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Alpha block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                i = 0;
                while (i < short_data_block_length) {
                    int count;
                    int first = 0, second = 0, prod;

                    if (percent == 0) {
                        if (gs1 && (jisdata[position + i] == '%')) {
                            first = posn(RHODIUM, '%');
                            second = posn(RHODIUM, '%');
                            count = 2;
                            prod = (first * 45) + second;
                            i++;
                        } else {
                            if (gs1 && (jisdata[position + i] == '[')) {
                                first = posn(RHODIUM, '%'); /* FNC1 */
                            } else {
                                first = posn(RHODIUM, (char) jisdata[position + i]);
                            }
                            count = 1;
                            i++;
                            prod = first;

                            if (i < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i] == 'A') {
                                if (gs1 && (jisdata[position + i] == '%')) {
                                    second = posn(RHODIUM, '%');
                                    count = 2;
                                    prod = (first * 45) + second;
                                    percent = 1;
                                } else {
                                    if (gs1 && (jisdata[position + i] == '[')) {
                                        second = posn(RHODIUM, '%'); /* FNC1 */
                                    } else {
                                        second = posn(RHODIUM, (char) jisdata[position + i]);
                                    }
                                    count = 2;
                                    i++;
                                    prod = (first * 45) + second;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        first = posn(RHODIUM, '%');
                        count = 1;
                        i++;
                        prod = first;
                        percent = 0;

                        if (i < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i] == 'A') {
                            if (gs1 && (jisdata[position + i] == '%')) {
                                second = posn(RHODIUM, '%');
                                count = 2;
                                prod = (first * 45) + second;
                                percent = 1;
                            } else {
                                if (gs1 && (jisdata[position + i] == '[')) {
                                    second = posn(RHODIUM, '%'); /* FNC1 */
                                } else {
                                    second = posn(RHODIUM, (char) jisdata[position + i]);
                                }
                                count = 2;
                                i++;
                                prod = (first * 45) + second;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    qr_bscan(binary, prod, count == 2 ? 0x400 : 0x20); /* count = 1..2 */

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X ", prod);
                    }
                };

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
            case 'N':
                /* Numeric mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "0001");

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(binary, short_data_block_length, 0x80 << (2 * scheme)); /* scheme = 1..3 */

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Number block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                i = 0;
                while (i < short_data_block_length) {
                    int count;
                    int first = 0, second = 0, third = 0, prod;

                    first = posn(NEON, (char) jisdata[position + i]);
                    count = 1;
                    prod = first;

                    if (i + 1 < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i + 1] == 'N') {
                        second = posn(NEON, (char) jisdata[position + i + 1]);
                        count = 2;
                        prod = (prod * 10) + second;

                        if (i + 2 < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i + 2] == 'N') {
                            third = posn(NEON, (char) jisdata[position + i + 2]);
                            count = 3;
                            prod = (prod * 10) + third;
                        }
                    }

                    qr_bscan(binary, prod, 1 << (3 * count)); /* count = 1..3 */

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X (%d)", prod, prod);
                    }

                    i += count;
                };

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
        }

        position += short_data_block_length;
    } while (position < length);

    /* Terminator */
    concat(binary, "0000");

    current_binlen = strlen(binary);
    padbits = 8 - (current_binlen % 8);
    if (padbits == 8) {
        padbits = 0;
    }
    current_bytes = (current_binlen + padbits) / 8;

    /* Padding bits */
    for (i = 0; i < padbits; i++) {
        concat(binary, "0");
    }

    /* Put data into 8-bit codewords */
    for (i = 0; i < current_bytes; i++) {
        datastream[i] = 0x00;
        for (int p = 0; p < 8; p++) {
            if (binary[i * 8 + p] == '1') {
                datastream[i] += (0x80 >> p);
            }
        }
    }

    /* Add pad codewords */
    toggle = 0;
    for (i = current_bytes; i < target_binlen; i++) {
        if (toggle == 0) {
            datastream[i] = 0xec;
            toggle = 1;
        } else {
            datastream[i] = 0x11;
            toggle = 0;
        }
    }

    if (debug) {
        printf("Resulting codewords:\n\t");
        for (i = 0; i < target_binlen; i++) {
            printf("0x%2X ", datastream[i]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

/* Split data into blocks, add error correction and then interleave the blocks and error correction data */
void add_ecc(int fullstream[], int datastream[], int version, int data_cw, int blocks) {
    int ecc_cw = qr_total_codewords[version - 1] - data_cw;
    int short_data_block_length = data_cw / blocks;
    int qty_long_blocks = data_cw % blocks;
    int qty_short_blocks = blocks - qty_long_blocks;
    int ecc_block_length = ecc_cw / blocks;
    int i, j, length_this_block, posn, debug = 0;


#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char data_block[short_data_block_length + 2];
    unsigned char ecc_block[ecc_block_length + 2];
    int interleaved_data[data_cw + 2];
    int interleaved_ecc[ecc_cw + 2];
#else
    unsigned char* data_block = (unsigned char *) _alloca(short_data_block_length + 2);
    unsigned char* ecc_block = (unsigned char *) _alloca(ecc_block_length + 2);
    int* interleaved_data = (int *) _alloca((data_cw + 2) * sizeof (int));
    int* interleaved_ecc = (int *) _alloca((ecc_cw + 2) * sizeof (int));
#endif

    posn = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < blocks; i++) {
        if (i < qty_short_blocks) {
            length_this_block = short_data_block_length;
        } else {
            length_this_block = short_data_block_length + 1;
        }

        for (j = 0; j < ecc_block_length; j++) {
            ecc_block[j] = 0;
        }

        for (j = 0; j < length_this_block; j++) {
            data_block[j] = (unsigned char) datastream[posn + j];
        }

        rs_init_gf(0x11d);
        rs_init_code(ecc_block_length, 0);
        rs_encode(length_this_block, data_block, ecc_block);
        rs_free();

        if (debug) {
            printf("Block %d: ", i + 1);
            for (j = 0; j < length_this_block; j++) {
                printf("%2X ", data_block[j]);
            }
            if (i < qty_short_blocks) {
                printf("   ");
            }
            printf(" // ");
            for (j = 0; j < ecc_block_length; j++) {
                printf("%2X ", ecc_block[ecc_block_length - j - 1]);
            }
            printf("\n");
        }

        for (j = 0; j < short_data_block_length; j++) {
            interleaved_data[(j * blocks) + i] = (int) data_block[j];
        }

        if (i >= qty_short_blocks) {
            interleaved_data[(short_data_block_length * blocks) + (i - qty_short_blocks)] = (int) data_block[short_data_block_length];
        }

        for (j = 0; j < ecc_block_length; j++) {
            interleaved_ecc[(j * blocks) + i] = (int) ecc_block[ecc_block_length - j - 1];
        }

        posn += length_this_block;
    }

    for (j = 0; j < data_cw; j++) {
        fullstream[j] = interleaved_data[j];
    }
    for (j = 0; j < ecc_cw; j++) {
        fullstream[j + data_cw] = interleaved_ecc[j];
    }

    if (debug) {
        printf("\nData Stream: \n");
        for (j = 0; j < (data_cw + ecc_cw); j++) {
            printf("%2X ", fullstream[j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

void place_finder(unsigned char grid[], int size, int x, int y) {
    int xp, yp;

    int finder[] = {
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
    };

    for (xp = 0; xp < 7; xp++) {
        for (yp = 0; yp < 7; yp++) {
            if (finder[xp + (7 * yp)] == 1) {
                grid[((yp + y) * size) + (xp + x)] = 0x11;
            } else {
                grid[((yp + y) * size) + (xp + x)] = 0x10;
            }
        }
    }
}

void place_align(unsigned char grid[], int size, int x, int y) {
    int xp, yp;

    int alignment[] = {
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 1, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1
    };

    x -= 2;
    y -= 2; /* Input values represent centre of pattern */

    for (xp = 0; xp < 5; xp++) {
        for (yp = 0; yp < 5; yp++) {
            if (alignment[xp + (5 * yp)] == 1) {
                grid[((yp + y) * size) + (xp + x)] = 0x11;
            } else {
                grid[((yp + y) * size) + (xp + x)] = 0x10;
            }
        }
    }
}

void setup_grid(unsigned char* grid, int size, int version) {
    int i, toggle = 1;
    int loopsize, x, y, xcoord, ycoord;

    /* Add timing patterns */
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        if (toggle == 1) {
            grid[(6 * size) + i] = 0x21;
            grid[(i * size) + 6] = 0x21;
            toggle = 0;
        } else {
            grid[(6 * size) + i] = 0x20;
            grid[(i * size) + 6] = 0x20;
            toggle = 1;
        }
    }

    /* Add finder patterns */
    place_finder(grid, size, 0, 0);
    place_finder(grid, size, 0, size - 7);
    place_finder(grid, size, size - 7, 0);

    /* Add separators */
    for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
        grid[(7 * size) + i] = 0x10;
        grid[(i * size) + 7] = 0x10;
        grid[(7 * size) + (size - 1 - i)] = 0x10;
        grid[(i * size) + (size - 8)] = 0x10;
        grid[((size - 8) * size) + i] = 0x10;
        grid[((size - 1 - i) * size) + 7] = 0x10;
    }
    grid[(7 * size) + 7] = 0x10;
    grid[(7 * size) + (size - 8)] = 0x10;
    grid[((size - 8) * size) + 7] = 0x10;

    /* Add alignment patterns */
    if (version != 1) {
        /* Version 1 does not have alignment patterns */

        loopsize = qr_align_loopsize[version - 1];
        for (x = 0; x < loopsize; x++) {
            for (y = 0; y < loopsize; y++) {
                xcoord = qr_table_e1[((version - 2) * 7) + x];
                ycoord = qr_table_e1[((version - 2) * 7) + y];

                if (!(grid[(ycoord * size) + xcoord] & 0x10)) {
                    place_align(grid, size, xcoord, ycoord);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* Reserve space for format information */
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        grid[(8 * size) + i] += 0x20;
        grid[(i * size) + 8] += 0x20;
        grid[(8 * size) + (size - 1 - i)] = 0x20;
        grid[((size - 1 - i) * size) + 8] = 0x20;
    }
    grid[(8 * size) + 8] += 20;
    grid[((size - 1 - 7) * size) + 8] = 0x21; /* Dark Module from Figure 25 */

    /* Reserve space for version information */
    if (version >= 7) {
        for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            grid[((size - 9) * size) + i] = 0x20;
            grid[((size - 10) * size) + i] = 0x20;
            grid[((size - 11) * size) + i] = 0x20;
            grid[(i * size) + (size - 9)] = 0x20;
            grid[(i * size) + (size - 10)] = 0x20;
            grid[(i * size) + (size - 11)] = 0x20;
        }
    }
}

int cwbit(int* datastream, int i) {
    int resultant = 0;

    if (datastream[(i / 8)] & (0x80 >> (i % 8))) {
        resultant = 1;
    }

    return resultant;
}

void populate_grid(unsigned char* grid, int size, int* datastream, int cw) {
    int direction = 1; /* up */
    int row = 0; /* right hand side */

    int i, n, x, y;

    n = cw * 8;
    y = size - 1;
    i = 0;
    do {
        x = (size - 2) - (row * 2);
        if (x < 6)
            x--; /* skip over vertical timing pattern */

        if (!(grid[(y * size) + (x + 1)] & 0xf0)) {
            if (cwbit(datastream, i)) {
                grid[(y * size) + (x + 1)] = 0x01;
            } else {
                grid[(y * size) + (x + 1)] = 0x00;
            }
            i++;
        }

        if (i < n) {
            if (!(grid[(y * size) + x] & 0xf0)) {
                if (cwbit(datastream, i)) {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x01;
                } else {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x00;
                }
                i++;
            }
        }

        if (direction) {
            y--;
        } else {
            y++;
        }
        if (y == -1) {
            /* reached the top */
            row++;
            y = 0;
            direction = 0;
        }
        if (y == size) {
            /* reached the bottom */
            row++;
            y = size - 1;
            direction = 1;
        }
    } while (i < n);
}

#ifdef ZINTLOG

int append_log(char log) {
    FILE *file;

    file = fopen("zintlog.txt", "a+");
    fprintf(file, "%c", log);
    fclose(file);
    return 0;
}

int write_log(char log[]) {
    FILE *file;

    file = fopen("zintlog.txt", "a+");
    fprintf(file, log); /*writes*/
    fprintf(file, "\r\n"); /*writes*/
    fclose(file);
    return 0;
}
#endif

int evaluate(unsigned char *eval, int size, int pattern) {
    int x, y, block, weight;
    int result = 0;
    char state;
    int p;
    int dark_mods;
    int percentage, k;
    int a, b, afterCount, beforeCount;
#ifdef ZINTLOG
    int result_b = 0;
    char str[15];
#endif

#ifndef _MSC_VER
    char local[size * size];
#else
    char* local = (char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (char));
#endif


#ifdef ZINTLOG
    write_log("");
    sprintf(str, "%d", pattern);
    write_log(str);
#endif

    /* all eight bitmask variants have been encoded in the 8 bits of the bytes
     * that make up the grid array. select them for evaluation according to the
     * desired pattern.*/
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            if ((eval[(y * size) + x] & (0x01 << pattern)) != 0) {
                local[(y * size) + x] = '1';
            } else {
                local[(y * size) + x] = '0';
            }
        }
    }

#ifdef ZINTLOG
    //bitmask output
    for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
        strcpy(str, "");
        for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
            state = local[(y * size) + x];
            append_log(state);
        }
        write_log("");
    }
    write_log("");
#endif

    /* Test 1: Adjacent modules in row/column in same colour */
    /* Vertical */
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        state = local[x];
        block = 0;
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            if (local[(y * size) + x] == state) {
                block++;
            } else {
                if (block > 5) {
                    result += (3 + (block - 5));
                }
                block = 0;
                state = local[(y * size) + x];
            }
        }
        if (block > 5) {
            result += (3 + (block - 5));
        }
    }

    /* Horizontal */
    for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
        state = local[y * size];
        block = 0;
        for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
            if (local[(y * size) + x] == state) {
                block++;
            } else {
                if (block > 5) {
                    result += (3 + (block - 5));
                }
                block = 0;
                state = local[(y * size) + x];
            }
        }
        if (block > 5) {
            result += (3 + (block - 5));
        }
    }

#ifdef ZINTLOG
    /* output Test 1 */
    sprintf(str, "%d", result);
    result_b = result;
    write_log(str);
#endif

    /* Test 2: Block of modules in same color */
    for (x = 0; x < size - 1; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size - 1; y++) {
            if (((local[(y * size) + x] == local[((y + 1) * size) + x]) &&
                    (local[(y * size) + x] == local[(y * size) + (x + 1)])) &&
                    (local[(y * size) + x] == local[((y + 1) * size) + (x + 1)])) {
                result += 3;
            }
        }
    }

#ifdef ZINTLOG
    /* output Test 2 */
    sprintf(str, "%d", result - result_b);
    result_b = result;
    write_log(str);
#endif

    /* Test 3: 1:1:3:1:1 ratio pattern in row/column */
    /* Vertical */
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < (size - 7); y++) {
            p = 0;
            for (weight = 0; weight < 7; weight++) {
                if (local[((y + weight) * size) + x] == '1') {
                    p += (0x40 >> weight);
                }
            }
            if (p == 0x5d) {
                /* Pattern found, check before and after */
                beforeCount = 0;
                for (b = (y - 4); b < y; b++) {
                    if (b < 0) {
                        beforeCount++;
                    } else {
                        if (local[(b * size) + x] == '0') {
                            beforeCount++;
                        } else {
                            beforeCount = 0;
                        }
                    }
                }

                afterCount = 0;
                for (a = (y + 7); a <= (y + 10); a++) {
                    if (a >= size) {
                        afterCount++;
                    } else {
                        if (local[(a * size) + x] == '0') {
                            afterCount++;
                        } else {
                            afterCount = 0;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if ((beforeCount == 4) || (afterCount == 4)) {
                    /* Pattern is preceeded or followed by light area
                       4 modules wide */
                    result += 40;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* Horizontal */
    for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
        for (x = 0; x < (size - 7); x++) {
            p = 0;
            for (weight = 0; weight < 7; weight++) {
                if (local[(y * size) + x + weight] == '1') {
                    p += (0x40 >> weight);
                }
            }
            if (p == 0x5d) {
                /* Pattern found, check before and after */
                beforeCount = 0;
                for (b = (x - 4); b < x; b++) {
                    if (b < 0) {
                        beforeCount++;
                    } else {
                        if (local[(y * size) + b] == '0') {
                            beforeCount++;
                        } else {
                            beforeCount = 0;
                        }
                    }
                }

                afterCount = 0;
                for (a = (x + 7); a <= (x + 10); a++) {
                    if (a >= size) {
                        afterCount++;
                    } else {
                        if (local[(y * size) + a] == '0') {
                            afterCount++;
                        } else {
                            afterCount = 0;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if ((beforeCount == 4) || (afterCount == 4)) {
                    /* Pattern is preceeded or followed by light area
                       4 modules wide */
                    result += 40;
                }
            }
        }
    }

#ifdef ZINTLOG
    /* output Test 3 */
    sprintf(str, "%d", result - result_b);
    result_b = result;
    write_log(str);
#endif

    /* Test 4: Proportion of dark modules in entire symbol */
    dark_mods = 0;
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            if (local[(y * size) + x] == '1') {
                dark_mods++;
            }
        }
    }
    percentage = 100 * (dark_mods / (size * size));
    if (percentage <= 50) {
        k = ((100 - percentage) - 50) / 5;
    } else {
        k = (percentage - 50) / 5;
    }

    result += 10 * k;

#ifdef ZINTLOG
    /* output Test 4+summary */
    sprintf(str, "%d", result - result_b);
    write_log(str);
    write_log("==========");
    sprintf(str, "%d", result);
    write_log(str);
#endif

    return result;
}

void add_format_info_eval(unsigned char *eval, int size, int ecc_level, int pattern) {
    /* Add format information to grid */

    int format = pattern;
    unsigned int seq;
    int i;

    switch (ecc_level) {
        case LEVEL_L: format += 0x08;
            break;
        case LEVEL_Q: format += 0x18;
            break;
        case LEVEL_H: format += 0x10;
            break;
    }

    seq = qr_annex_c[format];

    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        eval[(i * size) + 8] = (seq >> i) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        eval[(8 * size) + (size - i - 1)] = (seq >> i) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        eval[(8 * size) + (5 - i)] = (seq >> (i + 9)) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
        eval[(((size - 7) + i) * size) + 8] = (seq >> (i + 8)) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
    }

    eval[(7 * size) + 8] = (seq >> 6) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
    eval[(8 * size) + 8] = (seq >> 7) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
    eval[(8 * size) + 7] = (seq >> 8) & 0x01 ? (0x01 >> pattern) : 0x00;
}

int apply_bitmask(unsigned char *grid, int size, int ecc_level) {
    int x, y;
    unsigned char p;
    int pattern, penalty[8];
    int best_val, best_pattern;
    int bit;

#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char mask[size * size];
    unsigned char eval[size * size];
#else
    unsigned char* mask = (unsigned char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (unsigned char));
    unsigned char* eval = (unsigned char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (unsigned char));
#endif

    /* Perform data masking */
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            mask[(y * size) + x] = 0x00;

            // all eight bitmask variants are encoded in the 8 bits of the bytes that make up the mask array.
            if (!(grid[(y * size) + x] & 0xf0)) { // exclude areas not to be masked.
                if (((y + x) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x01;
                }
                if ((y & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x02;
                }
                if ((x % 3) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x04;
                }
                if (((y + x) % 3) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x08;
                }
                if ((((y / 2) + (x / 3)) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x10;
                }
                if ((((y * x) & 1) + ((y * x) % 3)) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x20;
                }
                if (((((y * x) & 1) + ((y * x) % 3)) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x40;
                }
                if (((((y + x) & 1) + ((y * x) % 3)) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x80;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // apply data masks to grid, result in eval
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            if (grid[(y * size) + x] & 0x01) {
                p = 0xff;
            }
            else {
                p = 0x00;
            }

            eval[(y * size) + x] = mask[(y * size) + x] ^ p;
        }
    }


    /* Evaluate result */
    for (pattern = 0; pattern < 8; pattern++) {

        add_format_info_eval(eval, size, ecc_level, pattern);

        penalty[pattern] = evaluate(eval, size, pattern);
    }

    best_pattern = 0;
    best_val = penalty[0];
    for (pattern = 1; pattern < 8; pattern++) {
        if (penalty[pattern] < best_val) {
            best_pattern = pattern;
            best_val = penalty[pattern];
        }
    }

#ifdef ZINTLOG
    char str[15];
    sprintf(str, "%d", best_val);
    write_log("choosed pattern:");
    write_log(str);
#endif

    /* Apply mask */
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            bit = 0;
            switch (best_pattern) {
                case 0: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x01) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 1: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x02) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 2: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x04) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 3: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x08) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 4: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x10) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 5: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x20) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 6: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x40) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 7: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x80) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            if (bit == 1) {
                if (grid[(y * size) + x] & 0x01) {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x00;
                } else {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x01;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return best_pattern;
}

/* Add format information to grid */
void add_format_info(unsigned char *grid, int size, int ecc_level, int pattern) {
    int format = pattern;
    unsigned int seq;
    int i;

    switch (ecc_level) {
        case LEVEL_L: format += 0x08;
            break;
        case LEVEL_Q: format += 0x18;
            break;
        case LEVEL_H: format += 0x10;
            break;
    }

    seq = qr_annex_c[format];

    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        grid[(i * size) + 8] += (seq >> i) & 0x01;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        grid[(8 * size) + (size - i - 1)] += (seq >> i) & 0x01;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        grid[(8 * size) + (5 - i)] += (seq >> (i + 9)) & 0x01;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
        grid[(((size - 7) + i) * size) + 8] += (seq >> (i + 8)) & 0x01;
    }

    grid[(7 * size) + 8] += (seq >> 6) & 0x01;
    grid[(8 * size) + 8] += (seq >> 7) & 0x01;
    grid[(8 * size) + 7] += (seq >> 8) & 0x01;
}

/* Add version information */
void add_version_info(unsigned char *grid, int size, int version) {
    int i;

    long int version_data = qr_annex_d[version - 7];
    for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        grid[((size - 11) * size) + i] += (version_data >> (i * 3)) & 0x41;
        grid[((size - 10) * size) + i] += (version_data >> ((i * 3) + 1)) & 0x41;
        grid[((size - 9) * size) + i] += (version_data >> ((i * 3) + 2)) & 0x41;
        grid[(i * size) + (size - 11)] += (version_data >> (i * 3)) & 0x41;
        grid[(i * size) + (size - 10)] += (version_data >> ((i * 3) + 1)) & 0x41;
        grid[(i * size) + (size - 9)] += (version_data >> ((i * 3) + 2)) & 0x41;
    }
}

/* Choose from three numbers based on version */
int tribus(int version, int a, int b, int c) {
    int RetVal;

    RetVal = c;

    if (version < 10) {
        RetVal = a;
    }

    if ((version >= 10) && (version <= 26)) {
        RetVal = b;
    }

    return RetVal;
}

/* Implements a custom optimisation algorithm, more efficient than that
   given in Annex J. */
void applyOptimisation(int version, char inputMode[], int inputLength) {
    

    int blockCount = 0;
    int i, j;
    char currentMode = ' '; // Null

    for (i = 0; i < inputLength; i++) {
        if (inputMode[i] != currentMode) {
            currentMode = inputMode[i];
            blockCount++;
        }
    }

    int blockLength[blockCount];
    char blockMode[blockCount];

    j = -1;
    currentMode = ' '; // Null
    for (i = 0; i < inputLength; i++) {
        if (inputMode[i] != currentMode) {
            j++;
            blockLength[j] = 1;
            blockMode[j] = inputMode[i];
            currentMode = inputMode[i];
        } else {
            blockLength[j]++;
        }
    }

    if (blockCount > 1) {
        // Search forward
        for (i = 0; i <= (blockCount - 2); i++) {
            if (blockMode[i] == 'B') {
                switch (blockMode[i + 1]) {
                    case 'K':
                        if (blockLength[i + 1] < tribus(version, 4, 5, 6)) {
                            blockMode[i + 1] = 'B';
                        }
                        break;
                    case 'A':
                        if (blockLength[i + 1] < tribus(version, 7, 8, 9)) {
                            blockMode[i + 1] = 'B';
                        }
                        break;
                    case 'N':
                        if (blockLength[i + 1] < tribus(version, 3, 4, 5)) {
                            blockMode[i + 1] = 'B';
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }

            if ((blockMode[i] == 'A')
                    && (blockMode[i + 1] == 'N')) {
                if (blockLength[i + 1] < tribus(version, 6, 8, 10)) {
                    blockMode[i + 1] = 'A';
                }
            }
        }

        // Search backward
        for (i = blockCount - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            if (blockMode[i] == 'B') {
                switch (blockMode[i - 1]) {
                    case 'K':
                        if (blockLength[i - 1] < tribus(version, 4, 5, 6)) {
                            blockMode[i - 1] = 'B';
                        }
                        break;
                    case 'A':
                        if (blockLength[i - 1] < tribus(version, 7, 8, 9)) {
                            blockMode[i - 1] = 'B';
                        }
                        break;
                    case 'N':
                        if (blockLength[i - 1] < tribus(version, 3, 4, 5)) {
                            blockMode[i - 1] = 'B';
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }

            if ((blockMode[i] == 'A')
                    && (blockMode[i - 1] == 'N')) {
                if (blockLength[i - 1] < tribus(version, 6, 8, 10)) {
                    blockMode[i - 1] = 'A';
                }
            }
        }
    }

    j = 0;
    for (int block = 0; block < blockCount; block++) {
        currentMode = blockMode[block];
        for (i = 0; i < blockLength[block]; i++) {
            inputMode[j] = currentMode;
            j++;
        }
    }
}

int blockLength(int start, char inputMode[], int inputLength) {
    /* Find the length of the block starting from 'start' */
    int i, count;
    char mode = inputMode[start];

    count = 0;
    i = start;

    do {
        count++;
    } while (((i + count) < inputLength) && (inputMode[i + count] == mode));

    return count;
}

int getBinaryLength(int version, char inputMode[], int inputData[], int inputLength, int gs1) {
    /* Calculate the actual bitlength of the proposed binary string */
    char currentMode;
    int i, j;
    int count = 0;

    applyOptimisation(version, inputMode, inputLength);

    currentMode = ' '; // Null

    if (gs1 == 1) {
        count += 4;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < inputLength; i++) {
        if (inputMode[i] != currentMode) {
            count += 4;
            switch (inputMode[i]) {
                case 'K':
                    count += tribus(version, 8, 10, 12);
                    count += (blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) * 13);
                    break;
                case 'B':
                    count += tribus(version, 8, 16, 16);
                    for (j = i; j < (i + blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength)); j++) {
                        if (inputData[j] > 0xff) {
                            count += 16;
                        } else {
                            count += 8;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case 'A':
                    count += tribus(version, 9, 11, 13);
                    switch (blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) % 2) {
                        case 0:
                            count += (blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) / 2) * 11;
                            break;
                        case 1:
                            count += ((blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) - 1) / 2) * 11;
                            count += 6;
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
                case 'N':
                    count += tribus(version, 10, 12, 14);
                    switch (blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) % 3) {
                        case 0:
                            count += (blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) / 3) * 10;
                            break;
                        case 1:
                            count += ((blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) - 1) / 3) * 10;
                            count += 4;
                            break;
                        case 2:
                            count += ((blockLength(i, inputMode, inputLength) - 2) / 3) * 10;
                            count += 7;
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            currentMode = inputMode[i];
        }
    }

    return count;
}

int qr_code(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length) {
    int error_number, i, j, glyph, est_binlen;
    int ecc_level, autosize, version, max_cw, target_binlen, blocks, size;
    int bitmask, gs1;
    int canShrink;

#ifndef _MSC_VER
    int utfdata[length + 1];
    int jisdata[length + 1];
    char mode[length + 1];
#else
    int* datastream;
    int* fullstream;
    unsigned char* grid;
    int* utfdata = (int *) _alloca((length + 1) * sizeof (int));
    int* jisdata = (int *) _alloca((length + 1) * sizeof (int));
    char* mode = (char *) _alloca(length + 1);
#endif

    gs1 = (symbol->input_mode == GS1_MODE);

    switch (symbol->input_mode) {
        case DATA_MODE:
            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                jisdata[i] = (int) source[i];
            }
            break;
        default:
            /* Convert Unicode input to Shift-JIS */
            error_number = utf8toutf16(symbol, source, utfdata, &length);
            if (error_number != 0) {
                return error_number;
            }

            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                if (utfdata[i] <= 0xff) {
                    jisdata[i] = utfdata[i];
                } else {
                    j = 0;
                    glyph = 0;
                    do {
                        if (sjis_lookup[j * 2] == utfdata[i]) {
                            glyph = sjis_lookup[(j * 2) + 1];
                        }
                        j++;
                    } while ((j < 6843) && (glyph == 0));
                    if (glyph == 0) {
                        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Invalid character in input data");
                        return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_DATA;
                    }
                    jisdata[i] = glyph;
                }
            }
            break;
    }

    define_mode(mode, jisdata, length, gs1);
    est_binlen = estimate_binary_length(mode, length, gs1);

    ecc_level = LEVEL_L;
    max_cw = 2956;
    if ((symbol->option_1 >= 1) && (symbol->option_1 <= 4)) {
        switch (symbol->option_1) {
            case 1: ecc_level = LEVEL_L;
                max_cw = 2956;
                break;
            case 2: ecc_level = LEVEL_M;
                max_cw = 2334;
                break;
            case 3: ecc_level = LEVEL_Q;
                max_cw = 1666;
                break;
            case 4: ecc_level = LEVEL_H;
                max_cw = 1276;
                break;
        }
    }

    if (est_binlen > (8 * max_cw)) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input too long for selected error correction level");
        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
    }

    autosize = 40;
    for (i = 39; i >= 0; i--) {
        switch (ecc_level) {
            case LEVEL_L:
                if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_L[i]) >= est_binlen) {
                    autosize = i + 1;
                }
                break;
            case LEVEL_M:
                if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_M[i]) >= est_binlen) {
                    autosize = i + 1;
                }
                break;
            case LEVEL_Q:
                if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_Q[i]) >= est_binlen) {
                    autosize = i + 1;
                }
                break;
            case LEVEL_H:
                if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_H[i]) >= est_binlen) {
                    autosize = i + 1;
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    // Now see if the optimised binary will fit in a smaller symbol.
    canShrink = 1;

    do {
        if (autosize == 1) {
            canShrink = 0;
        } else {
            if (tribus(autosize - 1, 1, 2, 3) != tribus(autosize, 1, 2, 3)) {
                // Length of binary needed to encode the data in the smaller symbol is different, recalculate
                est_binlen = getBinaryLength(autosize - 1, mode, jisdata, length, gs1);
            }

            switch (ecc_level) {
                case LEVEL_L:
                    if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_L[autosize - 2]) < est_binlen) {
                        canShrink = 0;
                    }
                    break;
                case LEVEL_M:
                    if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_M[autosize - 2]) < est_binlen) {
                        canShrink = 0;
                    }
                    break;
                case LEVEL_Q:
                    if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_Q[autosize - 2]) < est_binlen) {
                        canShrink = 0;
                    }
                    break;
                case LEVEL_H:
                    if ((8 * qr_data_codewords_H[autosize - 2]) < est_binlen) {
                        canShrink = 0;
                    }
                    break;
            }

            if (canShrink == 1) {
                // Optimisation worked - data will fit in a smaller symbol
                autosize--;
            } else {
                // Data did not fit in the smaller symbol, revert to original size
                if (tribus(autosize - 1, 1, 2, 3) != tribus(autosize, 1, 2, 3)) {
                    est_binlen = getBinaryLength(autosize, mode, jisdata, length, gs1);
                }
            }
        }
    } while (canShrink == 1);

    version = autosize;

    if ((symbol->option_2 >= 1) && (symbol->option_2 <= 40)) {
        /* If the user has selected a larger symbol than the smallest available,
         then use the size the user has selected, and re-optimise for this
         symbol size.
         */
        if (symbol->option_2 > version) {
            version = symbol->option_2;
            est_binlen = getBinaryLength(symbol->option_2, mode, jisdata, length, gs1);
        }
    }

    /* Ensure maxium error correction capacity */
    if (est_binlen <= qr_data_codewords_M[version - 1]) {
        ecc_level = LEVEL_M;
    }
    if (est_binlen <= qr_data_codewords_Q[version - 1]) {
        ecc_level = LEVEL_Q;
    }
    if (est_binlen <= qr_data_codewords_H[version - 1]) {
        ecc_level = LEVEL_H;
    }

    target_binlen = qr_data_codewords_L[version - 1];
    blocks = qr_blocks_L[version - 1];
    switch (ecc_level) {
        case LEVEL_M: target_binlen = qr_data_codewords_M[version - 1];
            blocks = qr_blocks_M[version - 1];
            break;
        case LEVEL_Q: target_binlen = qr_data_codewords_Q[version - 1];
            blocks = qr_blocks_Q[version - 1];
            break;
        case LEVEL_H: target_binlen = qr_data_codewords_H[version - 1];
            blocks = qr_blocks_H[version - 1];
            break;
    }

#ifndef _MSC_VER
    int datastream[target_binlen + 1];
    int fullstream[qr_total_codewords[version - 1] + 1];
#else
    datastream = (int *) _alloca((target_binlen + 1) * sizeof (int));
    fullstream = (int *) _alloca((qr_total_codewords[version - 1] + 1) * sizeof (int));
#endif

    qr_binary(datastream, version, target_binlen, mode, jisdata, length, gs1, est_binlen);
    add_ecc(fullstream, datastream, version, target_binlen, blocks);

    size = qr_sizes[version - 1];
#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char grid[size * size];
#else
    grid = (unsigned char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (unsigned char));
#endif

    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
            grid[(i * size) + j] = 0;
        }
    }

    setup_grid(grid, size, version);
    populate_grid(grid, size, fullstream, qr_total_codewords[version - 1]);

    if (version >= 7) {
        add_version_info(grid, size, version);
    }

    bitmask = apply_bitmask(grid, size, ecc_level);

    add_format_info(grid, size, ecc_level, bitmask);



    symbol->width = size;
    symbol->rows = size;

    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
            if (grid[(i * size) + j] & 0x01) {
                set_module(symbol, i, j);
            }
        }
        symbol->row_height[i] = 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

/* NOTE: From this point forward concerns Micro QR Code only */

int micro_qr_intermediate(char binary[], int jisdata[], char mode[], int length, int *kanji_used, int *alphanum_used, int *byte_used) {
    /* Convert input data to an "intermediate stage" where data is binary encoded but
       control information is not */
    int position = 0, debug = 0;
    int short_data_block_length, i;
    char data_block;
    char buffer[2];

    strcpy(binary, "");

    if (debug) {
        for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            printf("%c", mode[i]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    do {
        if (strlen(binary) > 128) {
            return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
        }

        data_block = mode[position];
        short_data_block_length = 0;
        do {
            short_data_block_length++;
        } while (((short_data_block_length + position) < length) && (mode[position + short_data_block_length] == data_block));

        switch (data_block) {
            case 'K':
                /* Kanji mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "K");
                *kanji_used = 1;

                /* Character count indicator */
                buffer[0] = short_data_block_length;
                buffer[1] = '\0';
                concat(binary, buffer);

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Kanji block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                for (i = 0; i < short_data_block_length; i++) {
                    int jis = jisdata[position + i];
                    int msb, lsb, prod;

                    if (jis > 0x9fff) {
                        jis -= 0xc140;
                    }
                    msb = (jis & 0xff00) >> 4;
                    lsb = (jis & 0xff);
                    prod = (msb * 0xc0) + lsb;

                    qr_bscan(binary, prod, 0x1000);

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X ", prod);
                    }

                    if (strlen(binary) > 128) {
                        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                    }
                }

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
            case 'B':
                /* Byte mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "B");
                *byte_used = 1;

                /* Character count indicator */
                buffer[0] = short_data_block_length;
                buffer[1] = '\0';
                concat(binary, buffer);

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Byte block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                for (i = 0; i < short_data_block_length; i++) {
                    int byte = jisdata[position + i];

                    qr_bscan(binary, byte, 0x80);

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X ", byte);
                    }

                    if (strlen(binary) > 128) {
                        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                    }
                }

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
            case 'A':
                /* Alphanumeric mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "A");
                *alphanum_used = 1;

                /* Character count indicator */
                buffer[0] = short_data_block_length;
                buffer[1] = '\0';
                concat(binary, buffer);

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Alpha block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                i = 0;
                while (i < short_data_block_length) {
                    int count;
                    int first = 0, second = 0, prod;

                    first = posn(RHODIUM, (char) jisdata[position + i]);
                    count = 1;
                    prod = first;

                    if (i + 1 < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i + 1] == 'A') {
                        second = posn(RHODIUM, (char) jisdata[position + i + 1]);
                        count = 2;
                        prod = (first * 45) + second;
                    }

                    qr_bscan(binary, prod, 1 << (5 * count)); /* count = 1..2 */

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X ", prod);
                    }

                    if (strlen(binary) > 128) {
                        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                    }

                    i += 2;
                };

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
            case 'N':
                /* Numeric mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                concat(binary, "N");

                /* Character count indicator */
                buffer[0] = short_data_block_length;
                buffer[1] = '\0';
                concat(binary, buffer);

                if (debug) {
                    printf("Number block (length %d)\n\t", short_data_block_length);
                }

                /* Character representation */
                i = 0;
                while (i < short_data_block_length) {
                    int count;
                    int first = 0, second = 0, third = 0, prod;

                    first = posn(NEON, (char) jisdata[position + i]);
                    count = 1;
                    prod = first;

                    if (i + 1 < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i + 1] == 'N') {
                        second = posn(NEON, (char) jisdata[position + i + 1]);
                        count = 2;
                        prod = (prod * 10) + second;
                    }

                    if (i + 2 < short_data_block_length && mode[position + i + 2] == 'N') {
                        third = posn(NEON, (char) jisdata[position + i + 2]);
                        count = 3;
                        prod = (prod * 10) + third;
                    }

                    qr_bscan(binary, prod, 1 << (3 * count)); /* count = 1..3 */

                    if (debug) {
                        printf("0x%4X (%d)", prod, prod);
                    }

                    if (strlen(binary) > 128) {
                        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
                    }

                    i += 3;
                };

                if (debug) {
                    printf("\n");
                }

                break;
        }

        position += short_data_block_length;
    } while (position < length - 1);

    return 0;
}

void get_bitlength(int count[], char stream[]) {
    int length, i;

    length = strlen(stream);

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        count[i] = 0;
    }

    i = 0;
    do {
        if ((stream[i] == '0') || (stream[i] == '1')) {
            count[0]++;
            count[1]++;
            count[2]++;
            count[3]++;
            i++;
        } else {
            switch (stream[i]) {
                case 'K':
                    count[2] += 5;
                    count[3] += 7;
                    i += 2;
                    break;
                case 'B':
                    count[2] += 6;
                    count[3] += 8;
                    i += 2;
                    break;
                case 'A':
                    count[1] += 4;
                    count[2] += 6;
                    count[3] += 8;
                    i += 2;
                    break;
                case 'N':
                    count[0] += 3;
                    count[1] += 5;
                    count[2] += 7;
                    count[3] += 9;
                    i += 2;
                    break;
            }
        }
    } while (i < length);
}

void microqr_expand_binary(char binary_stream[], char full_stream[], int version) {
    int i, length;

    length = strlen(binary_stream);

    i = 0;
    do {
        switch (binary_stream[i]) {
            case '1': concat(full_stream, "1");
                i++;
                break;
            case '0': concat(full_stream, "0");
                i++;
                break;
            case 'N':
                /* Numeric Mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                switch (version) {
                    case 1: concat(full_stream, "0");
                        break;
                    case 2: concat(full_stream, "00");
                        break;
                    case 3: concat(full_stream, "000");
                        break;
                }

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(full_stream, binary_stream[i + 1], 4 << version); /* version = 0..3 */

                i += 2;
                break;
            case 'A':
                /* Alphanumeric Mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                switch (version) {
                    case 1: concat(full_stream, "1");
                        break;
                    case 2: concat(full_stream, "01");
                        break;
                    case 3: concat(full_stream, "001");
                        break;
                }

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(full_stream, binary_stream[i + 1], 2 << version); /* version = 1..3 */

                i += 2;
                break;
            case 'B':
                /* Byte Mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                switch (version) {
                    case 2: concat(full_stream, "10");
                        break;
                    case 3: concat(full_stream, "010");
                        break;
                }

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(full_stream, binary_stream[i + 1], 2 << version); /* version = 2..3 */

                i += 2;
                break;
            case 'K':
                /* Kanji Mode */
                /* Mode indicator */
                switch (version) {
                    case 2: concat(full_stream, "11");
                        break;
                    case 3: concat(full_stream, "011");
                        break;
                }

                /* Character count indicator */
                qr_bscan(full_stream, binary_stream[i + 1], 1 << version); /* version = 2..3 */

                i += 2;
                break;
        }

    } while (i < length);
}

void micro_qr_m1(char binary_data[]) {
    int i, latch;
    int bits_total, bits_left, remainder;
    int data_codewords, ecc_codewords;
    unsigned char data_blocks[4], ecc_blocks[3];

    bits_total = 20;
    latch = 0;

    /* Add terminator */
    bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
    if (bits_left <= 3) {
        for (i = 0; i < bits_left; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }
        latch = 1;
    } else {
        concat(binary_data, "000");
    }

    if (latch == 0) {
        /* Manage last (4-bit) block */
        bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
        if (bits_left <= 4) {
            for (i = 0; i < bits_left; i++) {
                concat(binary_data, "0");
            }
            latch = 1;
        }
    }

    if (latch == 0) {
        /* Complete current byte */
        remainder = 8 - (strlen(binary_data) % 8);
        if (remainder == 8) {
            remainder = 0;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }

        /* Add padding */
        bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
        if (bits_left > 4) {
            remainder = (bits_left - 4) / 8;
            for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
                concat(binary_data, i & 1 ? "00010001" : "11101100");
            }
        }
        concat(binary_data, "0000");
    }

    data_codewords = 3;
    ecc_codewords = 2;

    /* Copy data into codewords */
    for (i = 0; i < (data_codewords - 1); i++) {
        data_blocks[i] = 0;
        if (binary_data[i * 8] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x80;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 1] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x40;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 2] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x20;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 3] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x10;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 4] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x08;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 5] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x04;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 6] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x02;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 7] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x01;
        }
    }
    data_blocks[2] = 0;
    if (binary_data[16] == '1') {
        data_blocks[2] += 0x08;
    }
    if (binary_data[17] == '1') {
        data_blocks[2] += 0x04;
    }
    if (binary_data[18] == '1') {
        data_blocks[2] += 0x02;
    }
    if (binary_data[19] == '1') {
        data_blocks[2] += 0x01;
    }

    /* Calculate Reed-Solomon error codewords */
    rs_init_gf(0x11d);
    rs_init_code(ecc_codewords, 0);
    rs_encode(data_codewords, data_blocks, ecc_blocks);
    rs_free();

    /* Add Reed-Solomon codewords to binary data */
    for (i = 0; i < ecc_codewords; i++) {
        qr_bscan(binary_data, ecc_blocks[ecc_codewords - i - 1], 0x80);
    }
}

void micro_qr_m2(char binary_data[], int ecc_mode) {
    int i, latch;
    int bits_total, bits_left, remainder;
    int data_codewords, ecc_codewords;
    unsigned char data_blocks[6], ecc_blocks[7];

    latch = 0;

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        bits_total = 40;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        bits_total = 32;
    }

    /* Add terminator */
    bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
    if (bits_left <= 5) {
        for (i = 0; i < bits_left; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }
        latch = 1;
    } else {
        concat(binary_data, "00000");
    }

    if (latch == 0) {
        /* Complete current byte */
        remainder = 8 - (strlen(binary_data) % 8);
        if (remainder == 8) {
            remainder = 0;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }

        /* Add padding */
        bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
        remainder = bits_left / 8;
        for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, i & 1 ? "00010001" : "11101100");
        }
    }

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        data_codewords = 5;
        ecc_codewords = 5;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        data_codewords = 4;
        ecc_codewords = 6;
    }

    /* Copy data into codewords */
    for (i = 0; i < data_codewords; i++) {
        data_blocks[i] = 0;
        if (binary_data[i * 8] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x80;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 1] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x40;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 2] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x20;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 3] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x10;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 4] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x08;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 5] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x04;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 6] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x02;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 7] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x01;
        }
    }

    /* Calculate Reed-Solomon error codewords */
    rs_init_gf(0x11d);
    rs_init_code(ecc_codewords, 0);
    rs_encode(data_codewords, data_blocks, ecc_blocks);
    rs_free();

    /* Add Reed-Solomon codewords to binary data */
    for (i = 0; i < ecc_codewords; i++) {
        qr_bscan(binary_data, ecc_blocks[ecc_codewords - i - 1], 0x80);
    }

    return;
}

void micro_qr_m3(char binary_data[], int ecc_mode) {
    int i, latch;
    int bits_total, bits_left, remainder;
    int data_codewords, ecc_codewords;
    unsigned char data_blocks[12], ecc_blocks[9];

    latch = 0;

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        bits_total = 84;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        bits_total = 68;
    }

    /* Add terminator */
    bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
    if (bits_left <= 7) {
        for (i = 0; i < bits_left; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }
        latch = 1;
    } else {
        concat(binary_data, "0000000");
    }

    if (latch == 0) {
        /* Manage last (4-bit) block */
        bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
        if (bits_left <= 4) {
            for (i = 0; i < bits_left; i++) {
                concat(binary_data, "0");
            }
            latch = 1;
        }
    }

    if (latch == 0) {
        /* Complete current byte */
        remainder = 8 - (strlen(binary_data) % 8);
        if (remainder == 8) {
            remainder = 0;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }

        /* Add padding */
        bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
        if (bits_left > 4) {
            remainder = (bits_left - 4) / 8;
            for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
                concat(binary_data, i & 1 ? "00010001" : "11101100");
            }
        }
        concat(binary_data, "0000");
    }

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        data_codewords = 11;
        ecc_codewords = 6;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        data_codewords = 9;
        ecc_codewords = 8;
    }

    /* Copy data into codewords */
    for (i = 0; i < (data_codewords - 1); i++) {
        data_blocks[i] = 0;
        if (binary_data[i * 8] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x80;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 1] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x40;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 2] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x20;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 3] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x10;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 4] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x08;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 5] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x04;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 6] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x02;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 7] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x01;
        }
    }

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        data_blocks[10] = 0;
        if (binary_data[80] == '1') {
            data_blocks[10] += 0x08;
        }
        if (binary_data[81] == '1') {
            data_blocks[10] += 0x04;
        }
        if (binary_data[82] == '1') {
            data_blocks[10] += 0x02;
        }
        if (binary_data[83] == '1') {
            data_blocks[10] += 0x01;
        }
    }

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        data_blocks[8] = 0;
        if (binary_data[64] == '1') {
            data_blocks[8] += 0x08;
        }
        if (binary_data[65] == '1') {
            data_blocks[8] += 0x04;
        }
        if (binary_data[66] == '1') {
            data_blocks[8] += 0x02;
        }
        if (binary_data[67] == '1') {
            data_blocks[8] += 0x01;
        }
    }

    /* Calculate Reed-Solomon error codewords */
    rs_init_gf(0x11d);
    rs_init_code(ecc_codewords, 0);
    rs_encode(data_codewords, data_blocks, ecc_blocks);
    rs_free();

    /* Add Reed-Solomon codewords to binary data */
    for (i = 0; i < ecc_codewords; i++) {
        qr_bscan(binary_data, ecc_blocks[ecc_codewords - i - 1], 0x80);
    }

    return;
}

void micro_qr_m4(char binary_data[], int ecc_mode) {
    int i, latch;
    int bits_total, bits_left, remainder;
    int data_codewords, ecc_codewords;
    unsigned char data_blocks[17], ecc_blocks[15];

    latch = 0;

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        bits_total = 128;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        bits_total = 112;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_Q) {
        bits_total = 80;
    }

    /* Add terminator */
    bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
    if (bits_left <= 9) {
        for (i = 0; i < bits_left; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }
        latch = 1;
    } else {
        concat(binary_data, "000000000");
    }

    if (latch == 0) {
        /* Complete current byte */
        remainder = 8 - (strlen(binary_data) % 8);
        if (remainder == 8) {
            remainder = 0;
        }
        for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, "0");
        }

        /* Add padding */
        bits_left = bits_total - strlen(binary_data);
        remainder = bits_left / 8;
        for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
            concat(binary_data, i & 1 ? "00010001" : "11101100");
        }
    }

    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_L) {
        data_codewords = 16;
        ecc_codewords = 8;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_M) {
        data_codewords = 14;
        ecc_codewords = 10;
    }
    if (ecc_mode == LEVEL_Q) {
        data_codewords = 10;
        ecc_codewords = 14;
    }

    /* Copy data into codewords */
    for (i = 0; i < data_codewords; i++) {
        data_blocks[i] = 0;
        if (binary_data[i * 8] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x80;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 1] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x40;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 2] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x20;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 3] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x10;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 4] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x08;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 5] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x04;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 6] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x02;
        }
        if (binary_data[(i * 8) + 7] == '1') {
            data_blocks[i] += 0x01;
        }
    }

    /* Calculate Reed-Solomon error codewords */
    rs_init_gf(0x11d);
    rs_init_code(ecc_codewords, 0);
    rs_encode(data_codewords, data_blocks, ecc_blocks);
    rs_free();

    /* Add Reed-Solomon codewords to binary data */
    for (i = 0; i < ecc_codewords; i++) {
        qr_bscan(binary_data, ecc_blocks[ecc_codewords - i - 1], 0x80);
    }
}

void micro_setup_grid(unsigned char* grid, int size) {
    int i, toggle = 1;

    /* Add timing patterns */
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        if (toggle == 1) {
            grid[i] = 0x21;
            grid[(i * size)] = 0x21;
            toggle = 0;
        } else {
            grid[i] = 0x20;
            grid[(i * size)] = 0x20;
            toggle = 1;
        }
    }

    /* Add finder patterns */
    place_finder(grid, size, 0, 0);

    /* Add separators */
    for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
        grid[(7 * size) + i] = 0x10;
        grid[(i * size) + 7] = 0x10;
    }
    grid[(7 * size) + 7] = 0x10;


    /* Reserve space for format information */
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        grid[(8 * size) + i] += 0x20;
        grid[(i * size) + 8] += 0x20;
    }
    grid[(8 * size) + 8] += 20;
}

void micro_populate_grid(unsigned char* grid, int size, char full_stream[]) {
    int direction = 1; /* up */
    int row = 0; /* right hand side */

    int i, n, x, y;

    n = strlen(full_stream);
    y = size - 1;
    i = 0;
    do {
        x = (size - 2) - (row * 2);

        if (!(grid[(y * size) + (x + 1)] & 0xf0)) {
            if (full_stream[i] == '1') {
                grid[(y * size) + (x + 1)] = 0x01;
            } else {
                grid[(y * size) + (x + 1)] = 0x00;
            }
            i++;
        }

        if (i < n) {
            if (!(grid[(y * size) + x] & 0xf0)) {
                if (full_stream[i] == '1') {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x01;
                } else {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x00;
                }
                i++;
            }
        }

        if (direction) {
            y--;
        } else {
            y++;
        }
        if (y == 0) {
            /* reached the top */
            row++;
            y = 1;
            direction = 0;
        }
        if (y == size) {
            /* reached the bottom */
            row++;
            y = size - 1;
            direction = 1;
        }
    } while (i < n);
}

int micro_evaluate(unsigned char *grid, int size, int pattern) {
    int sum1, sum2, i, filter = 0, retval;

    switch (pattern) {
        case 0: filter = 0x01;
            break;
        case 1: filter = 0x02;
            break;
        case 2: filter = 0x04;
            break;
        case 3: filter = 0x08;
            break;
    }

    sum1 = 0;
    sum2 = 0;
    for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
        if (grid[(i * size) + size - 1] & filter) {
            sum1++;
        }
        if (grid[((size - 1) * size) + i] & filter) {
            sum2++;
        }
    }

    if (sum1 <= sum2) {
        retval = (sum1 * 16) + sum2;
    } else {
        retval = (sum2 * 16) + sum1;
    }

    return retval;
}

int micro_apply_bitmask(unsigned char *grid, int size) {
    int x, y;
    unsigned char p;
    int pattern, value[8];
    int best_val, best_pattern;
    int bit;

#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char mask[size * size];
    unsigned char eval[size * size];
#else
    unsigned char* mask = (unsigned char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (unsigned char));
    unsigned char* eval = (unsigned char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (unsigned char));
#endif

    /* Perform data masking */
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            mask[(y * size) + x] = 0x00;

            if (!(grid[(y * size) + x] & 0xf0)) {
                if ((y & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x01;
                }

                if ((((y / 2) + (x / 3)) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x02;
                }

                if (((((y * x) & 1) + ((y * x) % 3)) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x04;
                }

                if (((((y + x) & 1) + ((y * x) % 3)) & 1) == 0) {
                    mask[(y * size) + x] += 0x08;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            if (grid[(y * size) + x] & 0x01) {
                p = 0xff;
            } else {
                p = 0x00;
            }

            eval[(y * size) + x] = mask[(y * size) + x] ^ p;
        }
    }


    /* Evaluate result */
    for (pattern = 0; pattern < 8; pattern++) {
        value[pattern] = micro_evaluate(eval, size, pattern);
    }

    best_pattern = 0;
    best_val = value[0];
    for (pattern = 1; pattern < 4; pattern++) {
        if (value[pattern] > best_val) {
            best_pattern = pattern;
            best_val = value[pattern];
        }
    }

    /* Apply mask */
    for (x = 0; x < size; x++) {
        for (y = 0; y < size; y++) {
            bit = 0;
            switch (best_pattern) {
                case 0: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x01) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 1: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x02) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 2: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x04) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
                case 3: if (mask[(y * size) + x] & 0x08) {
                        bit = 1;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            if (bit == 1) {
                if (grid[(y * size) + x] & 0x01) {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x00;
                } else {
                    grid[(y * size) + x] = 0x01;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return best_pattern;
}

int microqr(struct zint_symbol *symbol, unsigned char source[], int length) {
    int i, j, glyph, size;
    char binary_stream[200];
    char full_stream[200];
    int utfdata[40];
    int jisdata[40];
    char mode[40];
    int error_number, kanji_used = 0, alphanum_used = 0, byte_used = 0;
    int version_valid[4];
    int binary_count[4];
    int ecc_level, autoversion, version;
    int n_count, a_count, bitmask, format, format_full;
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char* grid;
#endif

    if (length > 35) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input data too long");
        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        version_valid[i] = 1;
    }

    switch (symbol->input_mode) {
        case DATA_MODE:
            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                jisdata[i] = (int) source[i];
            }
            break;
        default:
            /* Convert Unicode input to Shift-JIS */
            error_number = utf8toutf16(symbol, source, utfdata, &length);
            if (error_number != 0) {
                return error_number;
            }

            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                if (utfdata[i] <= 0xff) {
                    jisdata[i] = utfdata[i];
                } else {
                    j = 0;
                    glyph = 0;
                    do {
                        if (sjis_lookup[j * 2] == utfdata[i]) {
                            glyph = sjis_lookup[(j * 2) + 1];
                        }
                        j++;
                    } while ((j < 6843) && (glyph == 0));
                    if (glyph == 0) {
                        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Invalid character in input data");
                        return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_DATA;
                    }
                    jisdata[i] = glyph;
                }
            }
            break;
    }

    define_mode(mode, jisdata, length, 0);

    n_count = 0;
    a_count = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if ((jisdata[i] >= '0') && (jisdata[i] <= '9')) {
            n_count++;
        }
        if (in_alpha(jisdata[i])) {
            a_count++;
        }
    }

    if (a_count == length) {
        /* All data can be encoded in Alphanumeric mode */
        for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            mode[i] = 'A';
        }
    }

    if (n_count == length) {
        /* All data can be encoded in Numeric mode */
        for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            mode[i] = 'N';
        }
    }

    error_number = micro_qr_intermediate(binary_stream, jisdata, mode, length, &kanji_used, &alphanum_used, &byte_used);
    if (error_number != 0) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input data too long");
        return error_number;
    }

    get_bitlength(binary_count, binary_stream);

    /* Eliminate possivle versions depending on type of content */
    if (byte_used) {
        version_valid[0] = 0;
        version_valid[1] = 0;
    }

    if (alphanum_used) {
        version_valid[0] = 0;
    }

    if (kanji_used) {
        version_valid[0] = 0;
        version_valid[1] = 0;
    }

    /* Eliminate possible versions depending on length of binary data */
    if (binary_count[0] > 20) {
        version_valid[0] = 0;
    }
    if (binary_count[1] > 40) {
        version_valid[1] = 0;
    }
    if (binary_count[2] > 84) {
        version_valid[2] = 0;
    }
    if (binary_count[3] > 128) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input data too long");
        return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
    }

    /* Eliminate possible versions depending on error correction level specified */
    ecc_level = LEVEL_L;
    if ((symbol->option_1 >= 1) && (symbol->option_2 <= 4)) {
        ecc_level = symbol->option_1;
    }

    if (ecc_level == LEVEL_H) {
        strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Error correction level H not available");
        return ZINT_ERROR_INVALID_OPTION;
    }

    if (ecc_level == LEVEL_Q) {
        version_valid[0] = 0;
        version_valid[1] = 0;
        version_valid[2] = 0;
        if (binary_count[3] > 80) {
            strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input data too long");
            return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
        }
    }

    if (ecc_level == LEVEL_M) {
        version_valid[0] = 0;
        if (binary_count[1] > 32) {
            version_valid[1] = 0;
        }
        if (binary_count[2] > 68) {
            version_valid[2] = 0;
        }
        if (binary_count[3] > 112) {
            strcpy(symbol->errtxt, "Input data too long");
            return ZINT_ERROR_TOO_LONG;
        }
    }

    autoversion = 3;
    if (version_valid[2]) {
        autoversion = 2;
    }
    if (version_valid[1]) {
        autoversion = 1;
    }
    if (version_valid[0]) {
        autoversion = 0;
    }

    version = autoversion;
    /* Get version from user */
    if ((symbol->option_2 >= 1) && (symbol->option_2 <= 4)) {
        if (symbol->option_2 >= autoversion) {
            version = symbol->option_2;
        }
    }

    /* If there is enough unused space then increase the error correction level */
    if (version == 3) {
        if (binary_count[3] <= 112) {
            ecc_level = LEVEL_M;
        }
        if (binary_count[3] <= 80) {
            ecc_level = LEVEL_Q;
        }
    }

    if (version == 2) {
        if (binary_count[2] <= 68) {
            ecc_level = LEVEL_M;
        }
    }

    if (version == 1) {
        if (binary_count[1] <= 32) {
            ecc_level = LEVEL_M;
        }
    }

    strcpy(full_stream, "");
    microqr_expand_binary(binary_stream, full_stream, version);

    switch (version) {
        case 0: micro_qr_m1(full_stream);
            break;
        case 1: micro_qr_m2(full_stream, ecc_level);
            break;
        case 2: micro_qr_m3(full_stream, ecc_level);
            break;
        case 3: micro_qr_m4(full_stream, ecc_level);
            break;
    }

    size = micro_qr_sizes[version];
#ifndef _MSC_VER
    unsigned char grid[size * size];
#else
    grid = (unsigned char *) _alloca((size * size) * sizeof (unsigned char));
#endif

    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
            grid[(i * size) + j] = 0;
        }
    }

    micro_setup_grid(grid, size);
    micro_populate_grid(grid, size, full_stream);
    bitmask = micro_apply_bitmask(grid, size);

    /* Add format data */
    format = 0;
    switch (version) {
        case 1: switch (ecc_level) {
                case 1: format = 1;
                    break;
                case 2: format = 2;
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case 2: switch (ecc_level) {
                case 1: format = 3;
                    break;
                case 2: format = 4;
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case 3: switch (ecc_level) {
                case 1: format = 5;
                    break;
                case 2: format = 6;
                    break;
                case 3: format = 7;
                    break;
            }
            break;
    }

    format_full = qr_annex_c1[(format << 2) + bitmask];

    if (format_full & 0x4000) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 1] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x2000) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 2] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x1000) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 3] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x800) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 4] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x400) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 5] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x200) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 6] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x100) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 7] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x80) {
        grid[(8 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x40) {
        grid[(7 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x20) {
        grid[(6 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x10) {
        grid[(5 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x08) {
        grid[(4 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x04) {
        grid[(3 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x02) {
        grid[(2 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }
    if (format_full & 0x01) {
        grid[(1 * size) + 8] += 0x01;
    }

    symbol->width = size;
    symbol->rows = size;

    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
            if (grid[(i * size) + j] & 0x01) {
                set_module(symbol, i, j);
            }
        }
        symbol->row_height[i] = 1;
    }

    return 0;
}